There are three key markers for the identification of cell proliferation; Ki67, MCM2 and PCNA. The cell cycle mini-review provides information on all three of these markers, including their role and expression during the cell cycle.
BrdU incorporation is also a popular method to detect cell proliferation; incorporated BrdU is detected with anti-BrdU antibodies, such as the Mouse Anti-BrdU Antibody, clone Bu20a (MCA2483) or Rabbit Anti-BrdU Antibody (AHP2405). To learn more about the anti-BrdU antibody range, staining protocols and references visit our BrdU Antibodies for Cell Proliferation Detection page.
MCM2 is one of six members of the MCM protein family, which play a key role in the initiation of DNA replication. MCM2 is highly expressed in early G1, moderately expressed in S, G2, and M phases, and absent during G0 (Maiorano et al. 2006). In addition, MCM2 demonstrates distinct cellular localization patterns that can be measured in cycling cells. The localization and expression pattern of MCM2 therefore makes it an ideal proliferation marker.
Rabbit Anti-Mini-Chromosome Maintenance Protein 2 (MCM2) Polyclonal Antibody (AHP2404) has been generated to identify proliferating human, mouse or rat cells. This versatile antibody can be used across multiple applications including IHC-F, IHC-P, IF and WB.
To determine whether your cell of interest is proliferating, pair MCM2 antibody with another cell specific primary antibody. Below are example cell specific antibodies compatible with MCM2. A list of secondary antibodies recommended for use with these pairs are listed in table 2.
For single staining, follow the standard protocol for that application; for double staining use the Rabbit Anti-MCM2 Proliferation Pairs Staining Procedure.
Table 1. Proliferation pairs.
Target Cells |
Marker |
Target Species |
Host |
Isotype |
Application |
Catalog # |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Macrophage |
CD68 |
Human |
Mouse |
IgG1 |
IHC-P |
|
B cell |
CD19 |
Human |
Mouse |
IgG1 |
IHC-P, IHC-F |
|
CD4 T cell |
CD4 |
Human |
Mouse |
IgG1 |
IHC-P, IHC-F |
|
CD8 T cell |
CD8 |
Human |
Mouse |
IgG2b |
IHC-P, IHC-F, WB |
|
Pan T cell |
CD3 |
Human |
Rat |
IgG1 |
IHC-P, IHC-F, WB |
|
Hematopoietic stem cell |
CD34 |
Human |
Mouse |
IgG1 |
IHC-P, IHC-F, WB |
|
Cancer associated fibroblast |
CD140b |
Human |
Mouse |
IgG1 |
IHC-P, IHC-F, WB |
|
NK cell |
CD56 |
Human |
Mouse |
IgG1 |
IHC-F |
|
Activated endothelial cells and platelets |
CD62P |
Human |
Mouse |
IgG1 |
IHC-P, IHC-F, WB |
|
Breast tumor |
ERB1 |
Human |
Mouse |
IgG2a |
IHC-P, IHC-F |
|
Breast tumor |
HER2 |
Human |
Rat |
IgG2a |
IHC-P, IHC-F, WB |
|
Neuronal precursors |
Nestin |
Human |
Mouse |
IgG1 |
IHC-P, IHC-F, WB |
|
Neuronal precursors |
Nestin |
Rat, Mouse |
Mouse |
IgG1 |
IHC-P, IHC-F, WB |
|
Simple epithelium |
Cytokeratin 18 |
Human |
Mouse |
IgG2b |
WB |
The following secondary antibodies are recommended for use with these primary antibodies.
Table 2. Secondary Antibodies.
Primary Antibody |
Chromogenic Detection |
Fluorescent Detection |
---|---|---|
MCM2 Rabbit IgG |
644004 (Alk Phos), STAR54 (HRP) |
|
Cell Specific Antibody Mouse IgG |
||
Cell Specific antibody Rat IgG |
Cell Proliferation and How to Analyze It.
Our range of MCM2 antibodies are available in different formats and suitable for multiple applications including western blotting, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry.
Immunofluorescence staining of formalin fixed paraffin embedded human colon adenocarcinoma, using Rabbit Anti-MCM2 Antibody (AHP2404) at 2 μg/ml. As the secondary antibody, Sheep Anti-Rabbit IgG DyLight 549 Conjugated Antibody was used. Co-staining was performed with Mouse Anti-Human Cytokeratin 18 (MCA1864H). Goat Anti-Mouse IgG (H/L) DyLight 488 Conjugated Antibody (STAR117D488) was used as the secondary. PureBlu DAPI (1351303) was used as a nuclear counterstain (blue).
Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin fixed paraffin embedded human tonsil using Rabbit Anti-MCM2 Antibody (AHP2404) at 2 μg/ml. Detection was performed using the Histar Detection Kit (STAR3000A).
Immunohistochemical analysis of frozen human testis using Rabbit Anti-MCM2 Antibody (AHP2404) at 2 μg/ml. Detection was performed using the Histar Detection Kit (STAR3000A).
Western blot analysis of HeLa cell lysate (Lane 2), NIH/3T3 cell lysate (Lane 3) and PC12 cell lysate (lane 4), run under reducing conditions and probed with Rabbit Anti-MCM2 Antibody (AHP2404) at 1 μg/ml. As the secondary antibody HRP conjugated, Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG Antibody (STAR208P) was used at 1/10 000. Rabbit Anti-MCM2 detects a band of approximately 125 kDa.
What Is Cell Proliferation and How to Analyze It? View MCM2 Antibody Range