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CD52 is a small (25-29 kDa), heavily glycosylated peptide that is bound to the cell surface membrane by a GPI link. Also known as CAMPATH-1, CD52 is expressed by B and T cells, monocytes, macrophages and eosinophils, and also expressed in the male reproductive tract and on malignant lymphocytes (Hale 1995).
The exact role of CD52 remains unclear however it is thought to be a regulatory molecule for the inhibition of T cell activation by binding to Siglec-10 (Bandala-Sanchez et al. 2013) and a co-stimulatory molecule for the induction of CD4+ regulatory T cells (Toh et al. 2013).
Owing to the prevalence and location of CD52 and that depletion of CD52 has been shown to induce antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and possibly complement dependent cytotoxicity (Zent et al. 2008 and Hu et al. 2009), CD52 is an ideal target for therapeutic agents involved in the treatment of B cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis.
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