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Protocol: Sandwich ELISA with streptavidin-biotin detection
This is a general procedure for use with the majority of Bio-Rad reagents recommended for Sandwich ELISA with streptavidin-biotin detection. In some cases specific recommendations are provided on product datasheets, and these methods should always be used in conjunction with product and batch specific information available for each vial. Please note that a certain level of technical skill and immunological knowledge is required for the successful design and implementation of these techniques - these are guidelines only and may need to be adjusted for particular applications.
Reagents
- 1. Coating Buffer
- Anhydrous Na2CO3, 1.5 g
Anhydrous NaHCO3, 2.93 g
Distilled water, 1 liter, pH to 9.6
For an alternative coating buffer use ELISA coating buffer (BUF030) - 2. Blocking buffer
- Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) containing 1% w/v BSA
For an alternative blocking buffer, use either ELISA BSA Block (BUF032), ELISA Ultrablock (BUF033), or ELISA Synblock (BUF034) - 3. Wash buffer
- Phosphate Buffered Saline containing 0.05% v/v Tween®-20
For an alternative wash buffer use ELISA wash buffer (BUF031) - Recommended Substrates and Stop Solutions
- TMB Core+ (BUF062), for use with HRP-conjugated antibodies. Stop with 0.2M H2SO4.
pNPP (BUF044), for use with alkaline phosphatase-conjugated antibodies. Stop with 1M NaOH.
Method
- Coat microtiter plate wells with 100 μl of the appropriate coating antibody, at a concentration between 1-10 μg/ml in coating buffer. Cover the plate and incubate overnight at 4°C. Wash the plate 3 times in PBS.
- Add 200 μl of blocking buffer to each well. Incubate for 60 minutes at RT. Wash 3 times in wash buffer.
- Add 100 μl of suitably diluted samples to the relevant wells. Ensure that appropriately diluted standards are included (dilute samples and standards in wash buffer). Samples or standards should preferably be run in triplicate. Incubate for 90 minutes at RT or overnight at 4°C. Wash 3 times in wash buffer.
- Add 100 μl of biotin-conjugated detection antibody (appropriately diluted in wash buffer) to each well. Incubate for 1 hour at RT. Wash 3 times in wash buffer.
- Add 100 μl of enzyme-conjugated streptavidin (appropriately diluted in wash buffer) to each well. Incubate for 60 minutes at RT. Wash 3 times in wash buffer.
- Add 100 μl of the appropriate substrate solution to each well. Incubate at room temperature (and in the dark if required) for 30 minutes, or until desired color change is attained.
- Read absorbance values immediately at the appropriate wavelength or add 50 μl of “stop solution”. Gently tap plate to ensure thorough mixing. Measure absorbance within 30 minutes.
