HLA DP DQ DR antibody | WR18
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR antibody, clone WR18 used for the evaluation of MHC class II expression on dendritic cells by flow cytometry.
Image caption:
Time course of DC differentiation from H1 hESC. Cells were harvested from cultures at various time points and analysed by flow cytometry for the onset of hematopoiesis and the appearance of DC. (a) Cells harvested at day 20 of culture showing expressing of CD45 but lack of myeloid commitment, as evidenced by staining for CD13, CD14, and CD11c. Open histograms show levels of background staining using isotype-matched control antibodies. (b) Appearance of CD45int cells at day 27 of culture, accompanied by the upregulation of myeloid-specific markers. (c) Photomicrograph, taken at day 28 of culture, showing the morphology of DC, including veils of cytoplasm and long dendrites (inset) (×40 magnification). (d) Cells harvested at day 33 of culture, showing the appearance of a CD45hi population containing predominantly DC progenitors expressing CD14, CD11c, CD86 and MHC class I. (e) Phenotype of immature and mature H1-DCs compared with human moDC. DCs were cultured either in medium alone or medium supplemented with the maturation cocktail and stained for MHC class II, the maturation marker CD83 and classical costimulatory molecules. Dead cells were excluded from the analysis using 7-AAD. Dashed histograms show the phenotype of immature DCs while the filled histograms represent mature DCs. Open histograms depict background staining using isotype-matched controls.
From: Kathryn M. Silk, Alison J. Leishman, Kevin P. Nishimoto, Anita Reddy, and Paul J. Fairchild, “Rapamycin Conditioning of Dendritic Cells Differentiated from Human ES Cells Promotes a Tolerogenic Phenotype,”
Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, vol. 2012, Article ID 172420, 11 pages, 2012.
This image is from an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR antibody, clone WR18 (MCA477) used for the evaluation of HLA DR expression on dendritic cells by flow cytometry.
Image caption:
Upregulation of DC class II expression by paclitaxel is not mediated via TLR-4. DC were cultured for 2 h with LPS or paclitaxel in the presence or absence of anti-TLR-4 Abs prior to washing and reculture for a further 24 h. Anti-TLR4 antibody did reduce class II expression after exposure to LPS, but not to paclitaxel at high dose. Numbers in parenthesis represent MFI of class II detection. Data is representative of 3 independent experiments from 3 donors.
From: John J, Ismail M, Riley C, Askham J, Morgan R, Melcher A, Pandha H. Differential effects of Paclitaxel on dendritic cell function.
BMC Immunol. 2010 Mar 19;11:14.
This image is from an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR antibody, clone WR18 (MCA477) used for the treatment of human mononuclear cells in vitro
.Image caption:
Inhibition of proliferation by anti-MHC class II antibody. Mononuclear cells from cord blood (■) or adult PBMC (□) were preincubated with MAb MCA477, and assays of proliferation to different antigens were carried out. Inhibition was expressed as the SI for treated cells compared to that for untreated cells, which was normalized to 100%. Each bar represents the mean and standard deviation from three assays.
From: Chia JS, You CM, Hu CY, Chiang BL, Chen JY.
Human T-cell responses to the glucosyltransferases of Streptococcus mutans. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2001 Mar;8(2):441-5.
This image is from an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Mouse anti Human HLA DP/DQ/DR antibody, clone WR18 (MCA477) used for the evaluation of HLA class II histocompatibility antigen expression on cell populations by flow cytometry.
Image caption:
DC differentiation from H1 hESC.
Cells were harvested from cultures at various time points and analysed by flow cytometry for the onset of hematopoiesis and the appearance of DC. (e) Phenotype of immature and mature H1-DCs compared with human moDC. DCs were cultured either in medium alone or medium supplemented with the maturation cocktail and stained for MHC class II, the maturation marker CD83 and classical costimulatory molecules. Dead cells were excluded from the analysis using 7-AAD. Dashed histograms show the phenotype of immature DCs while the filled histograms represent mature DCs. Open histograms depict background staining using isotype-matched controls.
From: Silk KM, Leishman AJ, Nishimoto KP, Reddy A, Fairchild PJ.
Rapamycin conditioning of dendritic cells differentiated from human ES cells promotes a tolerogenic phenotype.
J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012;2012:172420.
doi: 10.1155/2012/172420.
This image is from an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR antibody, clone WR18 (MCA477) used for the treatment on monocytes in vitrodetection of MHC class II on
Image caption:
Ligand engagement of HLA class II molecules up regulates MyD88, IL-1R1, and TNF-α in CD14+ human monocytes treated with SEB, SEA, or mAb directed against MHC-class II molecules. (A) Transcriptional activation of MyD88, IL-1R1AcP and TNF-α in HLA-DR positive primary monocytes treated with 200 ng SEB/ml (optimum dose), mAbs (10 µg/ml, optimum dose) directed against MHC-class II molecule (anti-DR-DP-DQ or LB3.1) or unrelated control antibody OKT3 was examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Data shown is one of 3 similar experiments; (B) Agonists binding to TLR4 or HLA class II molecules on CD14+ monocytes induced transcriptional up regulation of MyD88. Real time RT-PCR was used to determine relative expression of MyD88 normalized to the expression of β-actin. Expression levels are determined as means ± SD. Data presented as one of 3 similar experiments. Significance compared to untreated control (*) was assigned as P≤0.0001. (C) MHC class II molecule dependence of SEB- induced TNF- α gene expression. Pretreatment of monocytes in ice with anti-DR-DP-DQ at optimum dose (10 μg/ml) followed by SEB stimulation resulted in reduced TNF- α gene expression. Transcriptional activation of TNF- α expression normalized to the expression of β-actin. Expression levels of TNF- α are expressed as means ± SD. Significance was assigned (*) or (**) as P values ≤0.003 comparing untreated vs treatment groups with anti-DR-DP-DQ, SEB or SEB vs anti-DR-DP-DQ+SEB respectively. (D) Confocal images show expression of HLA-DR (green) and intracellular MyD88 (red) proteins in CD14+ monocytes treated with HLA class II- ligands or control antibody OKT3 for 16 h; Scale bar = 5 μm; (E) intracellular expression of MyD88 protein in activated monocytes. Primary monocytes (CD14+, CD3-) were activated as described earlier, permeabilized and labeled with primary MyD88 antibody followed by PE-labeled secondary antibody and analyzed by flow cytometry. Histogram represents a MHC class II ligand-induced increase in expression of MyD88 protein compared to non-MHC class II ligand (OKT3).
From: Kissner TL, Ruthel G, Alam S, Ulrich RG, Fernandez S, et al. (2011) Activation of MyD88 Signaling upon Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Binding to MHC Class II Molecules.
PLoS ONE 6(1): e15985.
This image is from an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR:FITC
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR:RPE
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR:Starbright Blue 700
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR:Amethyst Orange
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR:Starbright Violet 440
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR:Starbright Violet 515
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR:Starbright Violet 610
- Product Type
- Monoclonal Antibody
- Clone
- WR18
- Isotype
- IgG2a
| Product Code | Applications | Pack Size | List Price | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MCA477F | F | 0.1 mg |
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| MCA477 | F FN* P* | 0.2 mg |
|
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| MCA477PE | F | 100 Tests |
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| MCA477SBB700 | F | 100 Tests/0.5ml |
|
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| MCA477AMO | F | 0.1 mg |
|
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| MCA477SBV440 | F | 100 Tests/0.5ml |
|
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| MCA477SBV515 | F | 100 Tests/0.5ml |
|
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| MCA477SBV610 | F | 100 Tests/0.5ml |
|
Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR antibody, clone WR18 reacts with a monomorphic determinant common to DP, DQ and DR beta chains, which are expressed by antigen presenting cells, B cells, monocytes and activated T lymphocytes.
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a cluster of genes that are important in the immune response to infections. In humans, this complex is referred to as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region. There are 3 major MHC class II proteins encoded by the HLA which are HLA DP, HLA DQ and HLA DR.
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a cluster of genes that are important in the immune response to infections. In humans, this complex is referred to as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region. There are 3 major MHC class II proteins encoded by the HLA which are HLA DP, HLA DQ and HLA DR.
Product Details
- Target Species
- Human
- Product Form
- Purified IgG conjugated to Fluorescein Isothiocyanate Isomer 1 (FITC) - liquid
- Product Form
- Purified IgG - liquid
- Product Form
- Purified IgG conjugated to R. Phycoerythrin (RPE) - lyophilized
- Product Form
- Purified IgG conjugated to StarBright Blue 700 - liquid
- Product Form
- Purified IgG conjugated to Amethyst Orange - liquid
- Product Form
- Purified IgG conjugated to StarBright Violet 440 - liquid
- Product Form
- Purified IgG conjugated to StarBright Violet 515 - liquid
- Product Form
- Purified IgG conjugated to StarBright Violet 610 - liquid
- Reconstitution
- Reconstitute with 1 ml distilled water
- Preparation
- Purified IgG prepared by affinity chromatography on Protein A from tissue culture supernatant
- Preparation
- Purified IgG prepared by affinity chromatography on Protein A from tissue culture supernatant
- Preparation
- Purified IgG prepared by affinity chromatography on Protein G from tissue culture supernatant
- Preparation
- Purified IgG prepared by affinity chromatography on Protein G from tissue culture supernatant
- Preparation
- Purified IgG prepared by affinity chromatography on Protein A from tissue culture supernatant
- Preparation
- Purified IgG prepared by affinity chromatography on Protein G from tissue culture supernatant
- Preparation
- Purified IgG prepared by affinity chromatography on Protein G from tissue culture supernatant
- Preparation
- Purified IgG prepared by affinity chromatography on Protein G from tissue culture supernatant
- Buffer Solution
- Phosphate buffered saline
- Buffer Solution
- Phosphate buffered saline
- Buffer Solution
- Phosphate buffered saline
- Buffer Solution
- Phosphate buffered saline
- Buffer Solution
- Phosphate buffered saline
- Buffer Solution
- Phosphate buffered saline
- Buffer Solution
- Phosphate buffered saline
- Buffer Solution
- Phosphate buffered saline
- Preservative Stabilisers
0.09% Sodium Azide 1% Bovine Serum Albumin - Preservative Stabilisers
0.09% Sodium Azide - Preservative Stabilisers
0.09% Sodium Azide 1% Bovine Serum Albumin 5% Sucrose - Preservative Stabilisers
- 0.09% Sodium Azide (NaN3)
1% Bovine Serum Albumin
0.1% Pluronic F68
0.1% PEG 3350
0.05% Tween 20 - Preservative Stabilisers
- 0.09% Sodium Azide (NaN3)
1% Bovine Serum Albumin - Preservative Stabilisers
- 0.09% Sodium Azide (NaN3)
1% Bovine Serum Albumin
0.1% Pluronic F68
0.1% PEG 3350 - Preservative Stabilisers
- 0.09% Sodium Azide (NaN3)
1% Bovine Serum Albumin
0.1% Pluronic F68
0.1% PEG 3350 - Preservative Stabilisers
- 0.09% Sodium Azide (NaN3)
1% Bovine Serum Albumin
0.1% Pluronic F68
0.1% PEG 3350
0.05% Tween 20 - Immunogen
- Human HLA Class II (DP, DQ, DR).
- Approx. Protein Concentrations
- IgG concentration 0.1 mg/ml
- Approx. Protein Concentrations
- IgG concentration 1 mg/ml
- Approx. Protein Concentrations
- IgG concentration 0.1 mg/ml
- Fusion Partners
- Spleen cells from immunised BALB/c mice were fused with cells from NS0 mouse myeloma cell line.
Storage Information
- Storage
- Store at +4oC or at -20oC if preferred.
This product should be stored undiluted.
Storage in frost free freezers is not recommended. This product is photosensitive and should be protected from light.
Avoid repeated freezing and thawing as this may denature the antibody. Should this product contain a precipitate we recommend microcentrifugation before use. - Storage
- Store at +4oC or at -20oC if preferred.
This product should be stored undiluted.
Storage in frost-free freezers is not recommended. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing as this may denature the antibody. Should this product contain a precipitate we recommend microcentrifugation before use. - Storage
- Prior to reconstitution store at +4oC. Following reconstitution store at +4oC.
DO NOT FREEZE.
This product should be stored undiluted. This product is photosensitive and should be protected from light. Should this product contain a precipitate we recommend microcentrifugation before use. - Storage
- Store at +4°C. DO NOT FREEZE.
This product should be stored undiluted. - Storage
- Store at +4°C or at -20°C if preferred.
Storage in frost-free freezers is not recommended.
This product should be stored undiluted. This product is photosensitive and should be protected from light.
Avoid repeated freezing and thawing as this may denature the antibody. Should this product contain a precipitate we recommend microcentrifugation before use. - Storage
- Store at +4°C. DO NOT FREEZE.
This product should be stored undiluted. - Storage
- Store at +4°C. DO NOT FREEZE.
This product should be stored undiluted. - Storage
- Store at +4°C. DO NOT FREEZE.
This product should be stored undiluted. - Guarantee
- 12 months from date of despatch
- Guarantee
- 12 months from date of despatch
- Guarantee
- 12 months from date of despatch
- Guarantee
- 12 months from date of despatch
- Guarantee
- 12 months from date of despatch
- Guarantee
- 12 months from date of despatch
- Guarantee
- 12 months from date of despatch
- Guarantee
- 12 months from date of despatch
More Information
- Acknowledgements
- This product is covered by U.S. Patent No. 10,150,841 and related U.S. and foreign counterparts
- Acknowledgements
- This product is covered by U.S. Patent No. 10,150,841 and related U.S. and foreign counterparts
- Acknowledgements
- This product is covered by U.S. Patent No. 10,150,841 and related U.S. and foreign counterparts
- Acknowledgements
- This product is covered by U.S. Patent No. 10,150,841 and related U.S. and foreign counterparts
- Regulatory
- For research purposes only
Applications of HLA DP DQ DR antibody
| Application Name | Verified | Min Dilution | Max Dilution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flow Cytometry | Neat | 1/10 | |
| Flow Cytometry | 1/50 | 1/200 | |
| Functional Assays 1 | |||
| Immunohistology - Paraffin 2 | |||
| Flow Cytometry | Neat | ||
| Flow Cytometry | Neat | ||
| Flow Cytometry | Neat | ||
| Flow Cytometry | Neat | ||
| Flow Cytometry | Neat | ||
| Flow Cytometry | Neat |
- 1 This product contains sodium azide, removal by dialysis is recommended prior to use in functional assays. Bio-Rad recommend the use of EQU003 for this purpose.
- 2This product requires antigen retrieval using heat treatment prior to staining of paraffin sections.Sodium citrate buffer pH 6.0 is recommended for this purpose.
Where this antibody has not been tested for use in a particular technique this does not necessarily exclude its use in such procedures. Suggested working dilutions are given as a guide only. It is recommended that the user titrates the antibody for use in their own system using appropriate negative/positive controls.
Where this product has not been tested for use in a particular technique this does not necessarily exclude its use in such procedures. Suggested working dilutions are given as a guide only. It is recommended that the user titrates the product for use in their own system using appropriate negative/positive controls.
Where this antibody has not been tested for use in a particular technique this does not necessarily exclude its use in such procedures. Suggested working dilutions are given as a guide only. It is recommended that the user titrates the antibody for use in their own system using appropriate negative/positive controls.
Where this product has not been tested for use in a particular technique this does not necessarily exclude its use in such procedures. Suggested working dilutions are given as a guide only. It is recommended that the user titrates the product for use in their own system using appropriate negative/positive controls.
Where this product has not been tested for use in a particular technique this does not necessarily exclude its use in such procedures. Suggested working dilutions are given as a guide only. It is recommended that the user titrates the product for use in their own system using appropriate negative/positive controls.
Where this product has not been tested for use in a particular technique this does not necessarily exclude its use in such procedures. Suggested working dilutions are given as a guide only. It is recommended that the user titrates the product for use in their own system using appropriate negative/positive controls.
Where this product has not been tested for use in a particular technique this does not necessarily exclude its use in such procedures. Suggested working dilutions are given as a guide only. It is recommended that the user titrates the product for use in their own system using appropriate negative/positive controls.
Where this product has not been tested for use in a particular technique this does not necessarily exclude its use in such procedures. Suggested working dilutions are given as a guide only. It is recommended that the user titrates the product for use in their own system using appropriate negative/positive controls.
- Flow Cytometry
- Use 10ul of the suggested working dilution to label 106 cells or 100ul whole blood
- Flow Cytometry
- Use 10ul of the suggested working dilution to label 106 cells in 100ul.
- Flow Cytometry
- Use 10ul of the suggested working dilution to label 106 cells or 100ul whole blood
- Flow Cytometry
- Use 5ul of the suggested working dilution to label 106 cells in 100ul. Best practices suggest a 5 minutes centrifugation at 6,000g prior to sample application.
- Flow Cytometry
- Use 10ul of the suggested working dilution to label 106 cells or 100ul whole blood
- Flow Cytometry
- Use 5ul of the suggested working dilution to label 106 cells in 100ul. Best practices suggest a 5 minutes centrifugation at 6,000g prior to sample application.
- Flow Cytometry
- Use 5ul of the suggested working dilution to label 106 cells in 100ul. Best practices suggest a 5 minutes centrifugation at 6,000g prior to sample application.
- Flow Cytometry
- Use 5ul of the suggested working dilution to label 106 cells in 100ul. Best practices suggest a 5 minutes centrifugation at 6,000g prior to sample application.
- Histology Positive Control Tissue
- Tonsil
Copyright © 2020 Bio-Rad Antibodies (formerly AbD Serotec)
Secondary Antibodies Available
Negative Isotype Controls Available
| Description | Product Code | Applications | Pack Size | List Price | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mouse IgG2a Negative Control:FITC | MCA929F | F | 100 Tests |
|
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| Mouse IgG2a Negative Control | MCA929 | F | 100 Tests |
|
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| Mouse IgG2a Negative Control:RPE | MCA929PE | F | 100 Tests |
|
Useful Reagents Available
| Description | Product Code | Applications | Pack Size | List Price | Quantity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Seroblock | BUF070A | F | 50 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070B | F | 200 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070A | F | 50 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070B | F | 200 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070A | F | 50 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070B | F | 200 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070A | F | 50 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070B | F | 200 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070A | F | 50 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070B | F | 200 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070A | F | 50 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070B | F | 200 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070A | F | 50 Test | ||
| Human Seroblock | BUF070B | F | 200 Test |
Product Specific References
References for HLA DP DQ DR antibody
-
Moore, K. et al. (1987) Use of the monoclonal antibody WR17, identifying the CD37 gp40-45 Kd antigen complex, in the diagnosis of B-lymphoid malignancy.
J Pathol 152:13-21. -
Kissner, T.L. et al. (2011) Activation of MyD88 Signaling upon Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Binding to MHC Class II Molecules.
PLoS One. 6: e15985. -
Chia, J.S. et al. (2001) Human T-cell responses to the glucosyltransferases of Streptococcus mutans.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 8: 441-5. -
Chang, Y.C. et al. (2008) Epigenetic control of MHC class II expression in tumor-associated macrophages by decoy receptor 3.
Blood. 111: 5054-63. -
Litzinger, M.T. et al. (2009) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells genetically modified to express B7-1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3 confer APC capacity to T cells from CLL patients.
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 58: 955-65. -
Sadallah, S. et al. (2011) Microparticles (ectosomes) shed by stored human platelets downregulate macrophages and modify the development of dendritic cells.
J Immunol. 186: 6543-52. -
Sabbah, S. et al. (2012) T-cell immunity to Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus: recognition of primary effusion lymphoma by LANA-specific CD4+ T cells.
Blood. 119 (9): 2083-92. -
John, J. et al. (2010) Differential effects of Paclitaxel on dendritic cell function.
BMC Immunol. 11:14. -
Palmer, K.J. et al. (2000) Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) stimulates anti-melanoma cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) generation in mixed lymphocyte tumour cultures (MLTC).
Clin Exp Immunol. 119: 412-8. -
Silk, K.M. et al. (2012) Rapamycin conditioning of dendritic cells differentiated from human ES cells promotes a tolerogenic phenotype.
J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012: 172420. -
Elias, F. et al. (2003) Strong cytosine-guanosine-independent immunostimulation in humans and other primates by synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides with PyNTTTTGT motifs.
J Immunol. 171: 3697-704. -
Silk, K.M. et al. (2012) Cross-presentation of tumour antigens by human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived CD141(+)XCR1+ dendritic cells.
Gene Ther. 19 (10): 1035-40. -
Adamski, J. (2004) 17{beta}-Estradiol Inhibits Class II MHC Expression: Influence on Histone Modifications and CBP Recruitment to the Class II MHC Promoter
Molecular Endocrinology 18:1963 -
Keating, S. et al. (2002) The lytic cycle of Epstein-Barr virus is associated with decreased expression of cell surface major histocompatibility complex class I and class II molecules.
J Virol. 76: 8179-88. -
Trefzer, U. et al. (2000) Hybrid cell vaccination for cancer immune therapy: first clinical trial with metastatic melanoma.
Int J Cancer. 85 (5): 618-26. -
Hayman, M.W. et al. (2006) Soluble human leukocyte antigen: a diagnostic indicator of rheumatoid arthritis?
J Immunol Methods. 315 (1-2): 19-26. -
Manna, D. et al. (2012) WR18 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY: A SINGLE ANTIBODY TO DETECT HLA DR, DP AND DQ ANTIGENS.
Abstracts/Human immunology 73:49-167 abstract 36P -
Neumann, F. et al. (2004) Identification of an antigenic peptide derived from the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 binding to a broad range of HLA-DR subtypes.
Cancer Immunol Immunother. 53 (7): 589-99. -
Neumann F et al. (2004) Identification of an HLA-DR-restricted peptide epitope with a promiscuous binding pattern derived from the cancer testis antigen HOM-MEL-40/SSX2.
Int J Cancer. 112 (4): 661-8. -
Iking-Konert C et al. (2005) Transdifferentiation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils to dendritic-like cells at the site of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis: evidence for activation by T cells.
Ann Rheum Dis. 64 (10): 1436-42. -
Hönger, G. et al. (2015) Inter-individual differences in HLA expression can impact the CDC crossmatch.
Tissue Antigens. 85 (4): 260-6. -
del Pilar Martin, M. et al. (2008) Decrease in the numbers of dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells in cerebral perivascular spaces due to natalizumab.
Arch Neurol. 65 (12): 1596-603. -
Noble, P. et al. (2013) High levels of cleaved caspase-3 in colorectal tumour stroma predict good survival.
Br J Cancer. 108 (10): 2097-105. -
Llewelyn, M. et al. (2004) HLA class II polymorphisms determine responses to bacterial superantigens.
J Immunol. 172 (3): 1719-26. -
Koschwanez, H. et al. (2015) Stress-related changes to immune cells in the skin prior to wounding may impair subsequent healing.
Brain Behav Immun. 50: 47-51. -
Ziegler, C.G.K. et al. (2019) Constitutive Activation of the B Cell Receptor Underlies Dysfunctional Signaling in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.
Cell Rep. 28 (4): 923-937.e3.
