HuCAL References

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Publications citing the use of HuCAL® antibodies and the HuCAL technology.

Reggiani A et al. (2026). International multicentre evaluation of a new anti‑idiotypic anti‑daratumumab for resolving pre‑transfusion interferences. 
Vox Sanguinis

Dauben H et al. (2026). Versatile and sensitive detection of mono- and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reveals XRCC1-dependent remodelling of PARP1 signalling.
Nat Commun 17:3216

Yang Y et al. (2026). A neutralizing APOA5 monoclonal antibody reduces amounts of lipoprotein lipase in capillaries and triggers hypertriglyceridemia.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 123(1):e2528664123

Cardone J & Knappik A (2025). 20 Years of Providing Custom Non-Animal-Derived Antibodies – A Review. 
Altern Lab Anim 53(3):168–174 

Ribeiro VC et al. (2025). Interferon-induced ADP-ribosylation: technical developments driving ICAB discovery.
Biosci Rep 45(3), BSR20240986

Alalwany RH et al. (2023). Vascular endothelial growth factor isoforms differentially protect neurons against neurotoxic events associated with Alzheimer’s disease. 
Front Mol Neurosci 16:1181626

Abed K et al. (2023) One-year longitudinal study of the stratum corneum proteome of retinol and all-trans-retinoic acid treated human skin: an orchestrated molecular event. 
Sci Rep 13(1):11196 

Alalwany RH et al. (2023). Vascular endothelial growth factor isoforms differentially protect neurons against neurotoxic events associated with Alzheimer's disease. 
Front Mol Neurosci 16:1181626 

Holder A et al. (2023). Characterisation of the bovine C-type lectin receptor Mincle and potential evidence for an endogenous ligand. 
Front Immunol 14:1189587 

Longarini EJ et al. (2023). Modular antibodies reveal DNA damage-induced mono-ADP-ribosylation as a second wave of PARP1 signaling. 
Mol Cell 83(10):1743-1760.e11 

Dowall SD et al. (2023). Development of humanised antibodies for Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever virus: Comparison of hybridoma-based versus phage library techniques. 
J Immunol Methods 512:113405 

Malhi NK et al. (2022). Serine-arginine-rich protein kinase-1 inhibition for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. 
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 322(6):H1014-H1027 

Thompson S et al. (2023). Nitration of chemokine CXCL8 acts as a natural mechanism to limit acute inflammation.
Cell Mol Life Sci 23, 80

Yang X et al. (2022). Exploring the value of Mycobacterium tuberculosis modified lipoprotein as a potential biomarker for TB detection in children.
BMC Infect Dis 22, 158

Marcus J et al. (2021). PARP-1 activation leads to cytosolic accumulation of TDP-43 in neurons.
Neurochem Int 148, 105077

Bonfiglio J et al. (2020). An HPF1/PARP1-Based Chemical Biology Strategy for Exploring ADP-Ribosylation
Cell 183 (4) 1086-1102

Chatterjee T et al. (2020). Direct kinetic fingerprinting and digital counting of single protein molecules
PNAS 117 (37) 22815-22822

Magyarics Z et al. (2019). Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Single-Ascending-Dose Study of the Penetration of a Monoclonal Antibody Combination (ASN100) Targeting Staphylococcus aureus Cytotoxins in the Lung Epithelial Lining Fluid of Healthy Volunteers
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 63(8) e00350-19

van Baak M et al. (2019). Adipose tissue contribution to plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 and fibroblast activation protein in obesity.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2019 Aug 27 [Epub ahead of print]

Dvela-Levitt M et al. (2019). Small Molecule Targets TMED9 and Promotes Lysosomal Degradation to Reverse Proteinopathy
Cell 178(3), 521-535

Edwards A et al. (2018). Adaptation of the human Cell Line Activation Test (h-CLAT) to Animal-Product-Free Conditions 
ALTEX 35(4), 477-488

Harth S et al. (2019). Generation by phage display and characterization of drug-target complex-specific antibodies for pharmacokinetic analysis of biotherapeutics
mAbs 11:178-90

Clark J et al. (2018). Cardioprotection by an anti-MASP-2 antibody in a murine model of myocardial infarction
Open Heart 5 Epub e000652

Morvan et al. (2017). Blockade of activin type II receptors with a dual anti-ActRIIA/IIB antibody is critical to promote maximal skeletal muscle hypertrophy
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. [Epub ahead of print]

Holbrook L et al. (2017). A humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits platelet-surface ERp72 reveals a role for ERp72 in thrombosis.
J Thromb Haemost [Epub ahead of print]

Marri L et al. (2017). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of diacetyl (2,3-butanedione)
Anal Biochem 535:12-18

Shepherd D et al. (2017). The Subventricular Zone Response to Stroke Is Not a Therapeutic Target of Anti-Nogo-A Immunotherapy.
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 76(8):683-696

Xu E et al. (2017). SOX4 Allows Facultative ß-Cell Proliferation Through Repression of Cdkn1a
Diabetes 66: 2213-2219

Bernasconi-Elias P et al. (2016). Characterization of activating mutations of NOTCH3 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and anti-leukemic activity of NOTCH3 inhibitory antibodies.
Oncogene 35:6077-6086

Chen Z et al. (2016). Discovery and Characterization of Phage Display-Derived Human Monoclonal Antibodies against RSV F Glycoprotein.
PLoS One 11(6):e0156798

Bromageet et al. (2017). A novel recombinant antibody specific to full-length stromal derived factor-1 for potential application in biomarker studies.
PLoS ONE 2017 April 5: 12(4): e0174447 doi: 10.1371/journet al.pone.0174447

?Boschert et al. (2016). The sclerostin-neutralizing antibody AbD09097 recognizes an epitope adjacent to sclerostin's binding site for the Wnt co-receptor LRP6. 
Open Biol. 2016 Aug 24: 6:160120. doi: 10.1098/rsob.160120

Steinbach et al. (2016). CD4+ and γδ T Cells are the main Producers of IL-22 and IL-17A in Lymphocytes from Mycobacterium bovis-infected Cattle.
Sci Rep 6, Article number:29990 (2016). doi:10.1038/srep29990.

Golden et al. (2016). A Recombinant Positive Control for Serology Diagnostic Tests Supporting Elimination of Onchocerca volvulus.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016 Jan 8;10(1):e0004292. doi: 10.1371/journet al.pntd.0004292. eCollection 2016.

Haylock et al. (2016). Evaluation of a novel type of imaging probe based on a recombinant bivalent mini-antibody construct for detection of CD44v6-expressing squamous cell carcinoma.
Int J Oncol. 2016 Feb;48(2):461-70. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3290. Epub 2015 Dec 14.

Spiegelberg et al. (2015). Molecular imaging of EGF R and CD44v6 for prediction and response monitoring of HSP90 inhibition in an in vivo squamous cell carcinoma model.
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. Published online 2015 Dec 1

Spiegelberg et al. (2015). A real-time in vitro assay as a potential predictor of in vivo tumor imaging properties
Nuclear Medicine and Biology Published online 2015 Sep 20

Shojima et al. (2015). Wnt5a promotes cancer cell invasion and proliferation by receptor-mediated endocytosis-dependent and -independent mechanisms, respectively.
Sci Rep. 2015 Jan 27;5:8042. doi: 10.1038/srep08042.

Boschert et al. (2015). Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of the sclerostin-neutralizing Fab AbD09097.
Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun. 2015 Apr;71(Pt 4):388-92. Epub 2015 Mar 20.

Colakoglu, G.et al. (2013). Contactin-1 regulates myelination and nodal/paranodal domain organization in the central nervous system.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2014 Jan 2 [Epub ahead of print]

Gustchina, E. et al. (2013). Complexes of neutralizing and non-neutralizing affinity matured Fabs with a mimetic of the internal trimeric coiled-coil of HIV-1 gp41.
PLoS ONE 8(11): e78187. doi:10.1371/journet al.pone.0078187

Whelan, S.F.J. et al. (2013). Distinct characteristics of antibody responses against factor VIII in healthy individuals and in different cohorts of hemophilia A patients.
Blood Feb 7 doi: 10.1182/blood-2012-07-444877 [Epub 2012 Dec 12]

Van Dinther, M. et al. (2013). Anti-Sclerostin antibody inhibits internalization of Sclerostin and Sclerostin-mediated antagonism of Wnt/LRP6 signaling.
PLoS One Apr 29 doi: 10.1371/journet al.pone.0062295. [Print 2013]

Nilvebrant, J.et al. (2012). Selection and in vitro characterization of human CD44v6-binding antibody fragments.
Biotech & App Biochem. Sep 20  [Epub ahead of print]

Matsuda, Y.  et al. (2012). Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 IIIc as a therapeutic target for colorectal cancer cells.
Mol Cancer Ther.  Jul 9.  [Epub ahead of print]

Gregory,  A.P. et al. (2012). TNF receptor 1 genetic risk mirrors outcome of anti-TNF therapy in multiple sclerosis.
Nature. 2012 Jul 8. doi:10.1038/nature11307. [Epub ahead of print]

Casrouge, A. et al. (2012). Discrimination of agonist and antagonist forms of CXCL10 in biological samples.
Clin Exp Immunol. 167:137-48

Back, J.W. et al. (2012). Selecting highly structure-specific antibodies using structured synthetic mimics of the cystine knot protein sclerostin.
Protein Engineering, Design & Selection 25: 251–9

Petrul, H.M. et al. (2012). Therapeutic mechanism and efficacy of the antibody-drug conjugate BAY 79-4620 targeting human carbonic anhydrase 9.
Mol Cancer Ther. 2012 Feb;11(2):340-9 [Epub ahead of print]

Ostrowitzki, S. et al. (2012). Mechanism of amyloid removal in patients with Alzheimer disease treated with Gantenerumab.
Arch Neurol. 2011 Oct 10 [Epub ahead of print]

Bohrmann, B. et al. (2012). Gantenerumab: A novel human anti-Aβ antibody demonstrates sustained cerebral amyloid-β binding and elicits cell-mediated removal of human amyloid-β
J Alzheimers Dis. 2011 Sep 28 [Epub ahead of print]

Shapiro, R.I. et al. (2011). Development and validation of immunoassays to quantify the half-antibody exchange of an IgG4 antibody, natalizumab (Tysabri®) with endogenous IgG4.
J Pharm Biomed Anet al.55:168-75

Whelan, O.W. et al. (2011). Development of an antibody to bovine IL-2 reveals multifunctional CD4 TEM cells in cattle naturally infected with bovine tuberculosis.
PLoS One. 2011 Dec 22 e29194 [Epub ahead of print]

Giblin, P. et al. (2011). Fully human antibodies against the protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) with anti-inflammatory activity.
Hum Antibodies. 20:83-94

Prassler, J. et al. (2011). HuCAL PLATINUM, a synthetic Fab library optimized for sequence diversity and superior performance in mammalian expression systems.
J. Mol Biol. 413:261-78

Schwaeble, W.J.  et al. (2011). Targeting of mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-2 confers protection from myocardial and gastrointestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 108:7523-8

Kwong, L.S. et al. (2011). Characterisation of antibodies to bovine Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 and cross-reactivity with ovine TLR2.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 139:313-8

Casrouge, A. et al. (2011). Evidence for an antagonist form of the chemokine CXCL10 in patients chronically infected with HCV.
J Clin Invest. 121:308-17

Rankl, C. et al. (2010). Detection of corneodesmosin on the surface of stratum corneum using atomic force microscopy.
Exp Dermatol. 19:1014-1019

Gustchina, E. et al. (2010). Structural Basis of HIV-1 Neutralization by Affinity Matured Fabs Directed against the Internal Trimeric Coiled-Coil of gp41.
PLoS Pathog. 6:e1001182

Ogawa, S. et al. (2010). Anti-PDGF-B monoclonal antibody reduces liver fibrosis development.
Hepatology Res. 40:1128–1141

Harth, S. et al. (2010). A Selection Fit Mechanism in BMP Receptor IA as a Possible Source for BMP Ligand-Receptor Promiscuity.
PLoS One. 28;5(9). pii: e13049

Larkin, E. et al. (2010). Inhibition of Toxic Shock by Human Monoclonal Antibodies against Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B.
PLoS One. 5(10):e13253

Harth, S. et al. (2010). Crystallization of BMP receptor type IA bound to the antibody Fab fragment AbD1556.
Acta Cryst. F66:964–968

Shiryaev, S. A.  et al. (2010). Isolation and characterization of selective and potent human Fab inhibitors directed to the active-site region of the two-component NS2B-NS3 proteinase of West Nile virus.
Biochem J. 427:369-76

Summer, A. et al. (2010). Short Communication: Characterization of a monoclonal antibody for K-Casein B of cow’s milk.
J Dairy Sci. 93:796-800

Okerlund, N. D. et al. (2010). Dact1 Is a postsynaptic protein required for dendrite, spine, and excitatory synapse development in the mouse forebrain
J Neurosci. 30:4362-8

Ohashi, M., Eagle, R. A., and Trowsdale, J. (2010). Post-translational modification of the NKG2D ligand RAET1G leads to cell surface expression of a GPI-linked isoform.
J Biol Chem. Mar 19. Epub ahead of print

Vallon, M. et al. (2010). Tumor endothelial marker 5 expression in endothelial cells during capillary morphogenesis is induced by the small GTPase Rac and mediates contact inhibition of cell proliferation.
Exp Cell Res. 316:412-421

Bottos, A. et al. (2009). The synaptic proteins neurexins and neuroligins are widely expressed in the vascular system and contribute to its functions.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Nov 19. [Epub ahead of print]

Prassler, J. et al. (2009). In vitro affinity maturation of HuCAL antibodies: complementarity determining region exchange and RapMAT technology.
Future Medicine, Immunotherapy. 1:574-583

Gustchina, E. et al. (2009). Affinity maturation by targeted diversification of the CDR-H2 loop of a monoclonal Fab derived from a synthetic naïve human antibody library and directed against the internal trimeric coiled-coil of gp41 yields a set of Fabs with improved HIV-1 neutralization potency and breadth.
Virology. 39:112-119.

Knappik, A. et al. (2009). Development of recombinant human IgA for anticardiolipin antibodies assay standardization.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1173:190-198.

Knappik, A. and Brundiers, R. (2009). Recombinant antibody expression and purification. In: Walker, J.M. editor. The Protein Protocols Handbook. 3rd edition.
New York: Humana Press Inc.

Teplyakov, A. et al. (2009). Epitope mapping of anti-interleukin-13 neutralizing antibody CNTO607.
J Mol Biol. 389:115-23.

Jung, S.M., Tsuji, K., and Moroi, M. (2009). Glycoprotein (GP) VI dimer as a major collagen-binding site of native platelets: direct evidence obtained with dimeric GPVI-specific Fabs.
J Thromb Haemost. 7:1347–1355.

Lochmatter, C., Schifferli, J.A., and Martin, P.J. (2009). Schistosoma mansoni TOR is a tetraspanning orphan receptor on the parasite surface.
Parasitology. 136:487-498.

Ulinger, S. et al. (2008). The path to Platinum: The evolution of the Human Combinatorial Libraries (HuCAL ®), 19th Annual International Conference on Antibody Engineering, 2008 December 7-11. San Diego.
Presentation

Steidl, S. et al. (2008). In vitro affinity maturation of human GM-CSF antibodies by targeted CDR-diversification.
Mol Immunol. 46:135-44

Larkin, E.A. et al. (2008). Human monoclonal antibodies against staphylococcal enterotoxin B: potential therapeutics.
Abstracts of the General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology; 2008 June 1-5; Boston, Massachusetts.

Chernov, A.V. et al. (2008). The two-component NS2B-NS3 proteinase represses DNA unwinding activity of the West Nile virus NS3 helicase.
J Biol Chem. 283:17270-17278.

Rothe, C. et al. (2008). The human combinatorial antibody library HuCAL GOLD combines diversification of all six CDRs according to the natural immune system with a novel display method for efficient selection of high-affinity antibodies.
J Mol Biol. 376:1182-1200.

Hillig, R.C. et al. (2008). Fab MOR03268 triggers absorption shift of a diagnostic dye via packaging in a solvent-shielded Fab dimer interface.
J Mol Biol. 377:206-219.

Tornetta, M. (2007). Isolation of human anti-idiotypic antibodies by phage display for clinical immune response assays.
J Immunol Methods. 328:34-44

Barnard, G. et al. (2007). Direct detection of disease-associated prions in brain and lymphoid tissue using antibodies recognizing the extreme N terminus of PrPc.
Prion. 1:121-127.

Gustchina, E. et al. (2007). A monoclonal Fab derived from a human nonimmune phage library reveals a new epitope on gp41 and neutralizes diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains.
J Virol. 23:12946-12953.

Jarutat, T. et al. (2007). Selection of vimentin-specific antibodies from the HuCAL phage display library by subtractive panning on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue.
Biol. Chem. 388: 651-658.

Kolly, R. et al. (2007). Monovalent antibody scFv fragments selected to modulate T-cell activation by inhibition of CD86-CD28 interaction.
Protein Eng Des Sel. 20:91-98.

Koch, H. et al. (2006). Direct selection of antibodies from complex libraries with the protein fragment complementation assay.
J Mol Biol. 357:427-441.

Zimmerman, T. et al. (2006). Simultaneous metal chelate affinity purification and endotoxin clearance of recombinant antibody fragments.
J Immunol Methods. 314:67-73.

Vanhoutteghem, A. and Djian, P. (2006). Basonuclins 1 and 2, whose genes share a common origin, are proteins with widely different properties and functions.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103:12423-12428.

Jarutat, T. et al. (2006). Isolation and comparative characterization of Ki-67 equivalent antibodies from the HuCAL phage display library.
Biol Chem. 387:995-1003.

Ooe, H., Iguchi-Ariga, S.M., and Ariga, H. (2006). Establishment of specific antibodies that recognize C106-oxidized DJ-1.
Neurosci Lett. 404:166-169.

Ohara, R. et al. (2006). Antibodies for proteomic research: comparison of traditional immunization with recombinant antibody technology.
Proteomics. 6:2638-2646.

Boehncke , W.H. et al. (2005). Efficacy of the fully human monoclonal antibody MOR102 (#5) against intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in the psoriasis-severe combined immunodeficient mouse model.
J Dermatol. 153:758-766.

Poetz, O. et al. (2005). Protein microarrays for antibody profiling: specificity and affinity determination on a chip.
Proteomics. 5:2402-2411.

Haenel, C. et al. (2005). Characterization of high-affinity antibodies by electrochemiluminescence-based equilibrium titration.
Anal Biochem. 339:182-184.

Louis, J.M. et al. (2005). Characterization and HIV-1 fusion inhibitory properties of monoclonal Fabs obtained from a human non-immune phage library selected against diverse epitopes of the ectodomain of HIV-1 gp41.
J Mol Biol. 353:945-951.

Parsons, C.J. et al. (2004). Antifibrotic effects of a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 antibody on established liver fibrosis in rats.
Hepatology. 40:1106-1115.

Röthlisberger, D., Pos, K.M., and Pluckthun, A. (2004). An antibody library for stabilizing and crystallizing membrane proteins - selecting binders to the citrate carrier CitS.
FEBS Lett. 564:340-348.

Sun, C. et al. (2003). Kirrel2, a novel immunoglobulin superfamily gene expressed primarily in beta cells of the pancreatic islets.
Genomics 82:130-142.

Rauchenberger, R. et al. (2003). Human combinatorial Fab library yielding specific and functional antibodies against the human fibroblast growth factor receptor 3.
J Biol Chem. 278:38194-38205.

Cesaro-Tadic, S. et al. (2003). Turnover-based in vitro selection and evolution of biocatalysts from a fully synthetic antibody library.
Nat Biotechnol. 21:679-685.

Ewert, S. et al. (2003). Biophysical properties of human antibody variable domains.
J Mol Biol. 325:531-553.

Ewert, S., Honegger, A., and Plückthun, A. (2003). Structure-based improvement of the biophysical properties of immunoglobulin VH domains with a generalizable approach.
Biochemistry. 42:1517-1528.

Frisch, C. et al. (2003). From EST to IHC: human antibody pipeline for target research.
J. Immunol. Methods 275:203-212.

Pavlickova, P. et al. (2003). Microarray of recombinant antibodies using a streptavidin sensor surface self-assembled onto a gold layer.
Biotechniques. 34:124-130.

Kretzschmar, T. and von Rüden, T. (2002). Antibody discovery: phage display.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 13:598-602.

Blank, K. et al. (2002). Self-immobilizing recombinant antibody fragments for immunoaffinity chromatography: generic, parallel, and scalable protein purification.
Protein Expr Purif. 24:313-322.

Nagy, Z.A. et al. (2002). Fully human, HLA-DR-specific monoclonal antibodies efficiently induce programmed death of malignant lymphoid cells.
Nat Med. 8:801-807.

Krebs, B. et al. (2001). High-throughput generation and engineering of recombinant human antibodies.
J Immunol Methods. 254:67-84.

Marget, M., et al. (2000). Bypassing hybridoma technology: HLA-C reactive hman single-chain antibody fragments (scFv) derived from a synthetic phage display library (HuCAL) and their potential to discriminate HLA class I specificities.
Tissue Antigens. 56:1-9.

Hanes, J. et al. (2000). Picomolar affinity antibodies from a fully synthetic naive library selected and evolved by ribosome display.
Nat Biotechnol. 18:1287-92.

Frisch, C. et al. (2000). Titration of infective and noninfective Ff filamentous bacteriophages using a monoclonal antibody against g3p.
Biotechniques. 29:26-30.

Knappik, A. et al. (2000). Fully synthetic human combinatorial antibody libraries (HuCAL) based on modular consensus frameworks and CDRs randomized with trinucleotides.
J Mol Biol. 296:57-86.

Plückthun, A. and Pack, P (1997). New protein engineering approaches to multivalent and bispecific antibody fragments.
Immunotechnology, 3:83-105.

Rheinnecker, M. et al. (1996). Multivalent antibody fragments with high functional affinity for a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen.
J Immunol. 157:2989-2997.

Knappik, A. and Plückthun, A. (1995). Engineered turns of a recombinant antibody improve its in vivo folding.
Protein Eng. 8:81-90.

Virnekäs, B. et al. (1994).Trinucleotide phosphoramidites: ideal reagents for the synthesis of mixed oligonucleotides for random mutagenesis.
Nucleic Acids Res. 22:5600-5607.

Pack, P. et al. (1993). Improved bivalent miniantibodies, with identical avidity as whole antibodies, produced by high cell density fermentation of Escherichia coli.
Biotechnology (NY). 11:1271-1277.

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